Astigmatism: anatomy, topographical diagnosis and surgical correction
Astigmatism is due to the lack of sphericity of the cornea. While a normal cornea looks like a sphere (football), an astigmatic cornea is oval-shaped (rugby ball). This results in light being focused not at one point, but along two different axes, causing distortion of the image at all distances.
Diagnostic tools
Accurate measurement of astigmatism is essential for correct correction. We use:
Keratoid Topography: Digital mapping of the surface of the eye.
Keratometry & Refraction: Determination of the axes and strength of astigmatism.
Therapeutic Options
The restoration aims to transform the oval shape into a spherical shape:
Visual aids: Glasses with cylindrical lenses or toric contact lenses.
Refractive Surgery: Methods such as LASIK (Laser remodelling) or the Astigmatic Keratotomies (microscopic sections of balancing curvatures).
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does astigmatism bother me most at night when driving?;
At night the pupil of the eye grows to let in more light. This makes the “bugs” of the oval shape more pronounced, causing car lights to look like “stars” or have large beams around them.
Can astigmatism change over the years?;
Usually astigmatism remains relatively stable. But if you notice a large and sudden change in your degrees, it is necessary to have a Coral topography to rule out conditions such as keratoconus.
Can I wear contact lenses if I have astigmatism?;
Of course. There are the so-called toric (toric) contact lenses, which are designed to remain fixed on a specific axis in your eye to correct curvature.
What does it mean that my astigmatism is "symmetrical" or "asymmetrical"?;
This concerns the relationship between the two curvatures of the eye. The eye doctor checks this to decide if you are a suitable candidate for Laser or if you need a special design for your glasses.
Does the Laser hurt for astigmatism?;
No. LASIK surgery is performed with anaesthetic drops and takes only a few minutes. Vision improvement is almost immediate and most patients return to their activities the next day.
Is there a "natural" way to reduce astigmatism?;
No. Because astigmatism involves the anatomical shape of the cornea (the tissue of the eye), it cannot be corrected by exercise or diet. It can only be corrected by optical means or surgical intervention.