Myopia: Anatomical Causes and Modern Refractive Solutions
In a myopic eye, light rays are focused Front from the retina instead of on it. This is usually due to an increased anterior-posterior axis of the eye (the eye is “longer” than normal) or excessive curvature of the cornea.
Evolution & Diagnosis
Myopia has a strong hereditary background and often manifests itself in school age. The diagnosis is made by checking visual acuity and Refracted (shadow scanning or automatic refractometry) to determine the exact power of the dioptres required.
Therapeutic Options
The choice of correction is individualized based on age and professional needs:
Visual Correction: Glasses or contact lenses with diverging lenses.
Refractive Surgery: Methods such as LASIK or the PRK use Excimer Laser to reshape the cornea. A prerequisite is the stability of myopia for at least 2 years and the completion of the 18th year of age
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does myopia increase during adolescence?;
Because myopia is related to the size of the eye, as the child grows physically, so does the eye. This increase in eye size leads to an increase in grades until development is complete, usually around 18-21 years of age.
Can too much reading or mobile phone use cause myopia?;
Heredity plays the main role, but modern studies show that too much close work and lack of exposure to natural daylight can contribute to the onset or faster progression of myopia in children.
Is high myopia dangerous?;
High myopia (usually more than 6 degrees) requires regular fundus examination (fundoscopy), as the “long” myopic eye has a thinner retina, which slightly increases the risk of cracks or detachment.
What is the appropriate age for Laser Myopia?;
The operation is usually performed after 18-20 years of age. The most important factor is not age, but the Stability: your grades must not have changed for at least two years before the surgery.
Why do myopes see better if they "half-close" their eyes?;
When you half-close the eyelids, you create a small slit that restricts the light entering the eye, reducing the diffusion of rays. This acts like a natural lens that temporarily improves focus.
Is there a way to stop the progression of myopia in children?;
There are now modern methods of “myopia control”, such as special contact lenses, special eyeglass lenses or very low atropine drops, which can slow down the increase in degrees.